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vm_cms_survival_guide [2018/07/18 18:03]
ahd [If We Tell You Nothing Else ...] |
vm_cms_survival_guide [2020/04/18 00:03] (current)
smj [Compilers & Interpreters] |
| ===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== |
| |
| This is a brief introduction to basic concepts and commands for using the [[Living Computers Museum + Labs|LCM+L]]'s [[IBM 4361]] midrange computer system. | This is a brief introduction to basic concepts and commands for using the [[http://www.livingcomputers.org|LCM+L]]'s [[IBM 4361]] midrange computer system. |
| |
| The 4361 runs the [[VM/SP]] virtual machine operating system. | The 4361 runs the [[VM/SP]] virtual machine operating system. |
| Now go read the IBM introduction. We'll wait. | Now go read the IBM introduction. We'll wait. |
| |
| ===== 3270 Terminal Emulator ===== | ===== Connecting to the 4361 ===== |
| |
| Connecting to a VM/CMS system requires a [[IBM 3270|3270]]-compatible terminal or emulator instead of the more common Secure Shell (SSH) or Telnet client. | ==== Secure Shell (ssh) ==== |
| | |
| | You can connect to LCM+L's 4361 with Secure Shell (ssh). |
| | |
| | ''ssh ibm4361@tty.livingcomputers.org'' |
| | |
| | Once you have connected to the 4361, you can follow the instructions on this page starting with the section "Log-on Procedure". |
| | |
| | The PA2 3270 terminal key (for clearing the screen) is mapped to **Ctrl-A 2** (Control-A followed the number 2) when connecting with ssh. |
| | |
| | (ssh is available as part of the OpenSSH package for MacOS, *BSD and Linux operating systems, or PuTTY for Microsoft Windows.) |
| | |
| | ==== 3270 Terminal Emulator ==== |
| | |
| | The VM/CMS system was originally designed to be accessed from a [[wp>3270|3270]]-compatible terminal. Today, since 3270 hardware is rare, you will probably use 3270 emulator software. |
| |
| [[http://x3270.bgp.nu|x3270]] is a free open source software suite of 3270 terminal emulator tools by Paul Mattes and others. It includes clients for X11 (x3270; for Unix, Linux, *BSD, etc.), MS Windows console (wc3270), and others. | [[http://x3270.bgp.nu|x3270]] is a free open source software suite of 3270 terminal emulator tools by Paul Mattes and others. It includes clients for X11 (x3270; for Unix, Linux, *BSD, etc.), MS Windows console (wc3270), and others. |
| [[http://x3270.bgp.nu/download.html|Download]] an appropriate package and follow the instructions to install it on your system. | [[http://x3270.bgp.nu/download.html|Download]] an appropriate package and follow the instructions to install it on your system. |
| |
| ==== Session set-up ==== | === Session set-up === |
| |
| === Where to connect === | == Where to connect == |
| ^ Host Name | tty.livingcomputers.org | | ^ Host Name | tty.livingcomputers.org | |
| ^ TCP Port | 24 | | ^ TCP Port | 24 | |
| |
| === Terminal Sizes === | == Terminal Sizes == |
| On most platforms you can specific the model of terminal emulator if you start the program from the command line. The model is composed of two parts: | On most platforms you can specific the model of terminal emulator if you start the program from the command line. The model is composed of two parts: |
| |
| Thus for a color terminal sized 80x43, the full model is specified as ''3279-4''. | Thus for a color terminal sized 80x43, the full model is specified as ''3279-4''. |
| |
| === Unix (Linux, *BSD, Mac, ...) === | == Unix (Linux, *BSD, Mac, ...) == |
| |
| You can login via ''x3270'' from via a terminal window the X-Windows menus: | You can login via ''x3270'' from via a terminal window the X-Windows menus: |
| - ''c3270 --model 3279-4 tty.livingcomputers.org 24'' | - ''c3270 --model 3279-4 tty.livingcomputers.org 24'' |
| |
| === MS Windows === | == MS Windows == |
| |
| - Run the wc3270 Session Wizard. | - Run the wc3270 Session Wizard. |
| |
| * ''ENTER'' (usually your ''ENTER'' or ''RETURN'' key) | * ''ENTER'' (usually your ''ENTER'' or ''RETURN'' key) |
| * ''PA1'' | * ''PA2'' |
| * ''PF1'' through ''PF12'' | * ''PF1'' through ''PF12'' |
| * ''RESET'' (often Alt-R) | * ''RESET'' (often Alt-R) |
| ^ System Disk \\ (S-Disk) | 190 |The [[wp>Conversational_Monitor_System|CMS]] operating system and basic system programs are located on this disk. | | ^ System Disk \\ (S-Disk) | 190 |The [[wp>Conversational_Monitor_System|CMS]] operating system and basic system programs are located on this disk. | |
| ^ User A-disk | 191 | The personal writable disk of the user. | | ^ User A-disk | 191 | The personal writable disk of the user. | |
| ^ D-Disk | 192 | Generically, the D-disk is a work disk which is automatically formatted if it is writable and unformatted. On the LCM+L 4361, it is read only and contains games. | | ^ D-Disk | 192 | A work disk which is automatically formatted if it is writable and unformatted. | |
| | ^ G-Disk | 19C | On the LCM+L 4361, it is read only and contains games. | |
| ^ Y-Disk | 19E | An extension of the S-Disk, this contains utilities which are not part of the base system. For example, on the 4361 it contains compilers, ''IND$FILE''((''IND$FILE'' performs transfers via a 3270 terminal emulator)), the client interface for the real-time monitor ''SMART''((''SMART'' shows system activity, similar to ''top'' on UNIX or ''Task Manager'' on Windows. It is invoked by the user command ''VMC'', or more easily via the ''VMCSMART EXEC''.)), useful editor macros, and other utilities. | | ^ Y-Disk | 19E | An extension of the S-Disk, this contains utilities which are not part of the base system. For example, on the 4361 it contains compilers, ''IND$FILE''((''IND$FILE'' performs transfers via a 3270 terminal emulator)), the client interface for the real-time monitor ''SMART''((''SMART'' shows system activity, similar to ''top'' on UNIX or ''Task Manager'' on Windows. It is invoked by the user command ''VMC'', or more easily via the ''VMCSMART EXEC''.)), useful editor macros, and other utilities. | |
| ^ Help Disk | 19D | The location for system help files. This is automatically accessed, usually at file mode Z, when needed by the Help system. | | ^ Help Disk | 19D | The location for system help files. This is automatically accessed, usually at file mode Z, when needed by the Help system. | |
| |
| ^ Name ^ Description ^ | ^ Name ^ Description ^ |
| ^ DIRMAIN | Change your password and set other account parameters. Use ''DIRM ?'' for the complete list of ''DIRMAINT'' subcommands.| | ^ DIRMAINT | Change your password and set other account parameters. Use ''DIRM ?'' for the complete list of ''DIRMAINT'' subcommands.| |
| ^ COPYFILE | Copy files | | ^ COPYFILE | Copy files | |
| ^ ERASE | Delete files | | ^ ERASE | Delete files | |
| ===== XEDIT Text Editor ===== | ===== XEDIT Text Editor ===== |
| |
| For its environment, XEDIT is both an easy to use and powerful editor. It's primary lack is no cut-and-paste, but modern terminal emulators can do pasting which is not visible to the mainframe. | For its environment, XEDIT is both an easy to use and powerful editor. It's primary lack is no cut-and-paste, but modern terminal emulators can do client-side pasting which is not visible to the mainframe. |
| |
| However, this power does require a good explanation, so this humble author defers to IBM on the topic; see [[http://www.jmit.com/vm/docs/hcsd9b10-XEDIT-Users-Guide.pdf|XEDIT Users Guide for z/VM 5.1]] for a proper overview of XEDIT. | However, this power does require a good explanation, so this humble author defers to IBM on the topic; see [[http://www.jmit.com/vm/docs/hcsd9b10-XEDIT-Users-Guide.pdf|XEDIT Users Guide for z/VM]] for a proper overview of XEDIT. |
| |
| **Note:** Most XEDIT examples show a prefix area with equal signs to the left of the screen, a scale across the middle of the screen, and the current line in the middle of the screen as well. The LCML4361 profile, which resides on the Y-Disk, changes this appearance to reduce the fixed "chrome", and move the current line up, and provide line numbers in the //right// hand prefix area out of the way. You can turn on the prefix area and scale by entering the following commands in XEDIT: | **Note:** Most XEDIT examples show a prefix area with equal signs to the left of the screen, a scale across the middle of the screen, |
| | and the current line in the middle of the screen as well. |
| | The LCML4361 profile, which resides on the Y-Disk, changes this appearance to reduce the fixed "chrome"; it also |
| | moves the current line up, and provides line numbers in a //right// hand prefix area out of the way. |
| |
| | You can move current line back to the middle and turn on the left prefix area and scale by entering the following commands in XEDIT: |
| | |
| | SET CURLINE ON M |
| SET PREFIX ON | SET PREFIX ON |
| SET SCALE ON | SET SCALE ON |
| |
| You can customize the appearance by creating your own ''PROFILE XEDIT A'', or simply editing the file on the Y-DISK and changing the file mode to A (''SET FMODE A'') before you save it. | You can permanently customize the appearance by creating your own ''PROFILE XEDIT A'', or simply editing the file on the Y-DISK and changing the file mode to A (''SET FMODE A'') before you save it. |
| ===== EXEC Scripts ===== | ===== EXEC Scripts ===== |
| |
| ==== Rexx Help ==== | ==== Rexx Help ==== |
| |
| For addition information on Rexx: | See [[#for_further_reading|For Further Reading]] below for the primary IBM references and other resources on Rexx. |
| | The addition information on Rexx on the 4361 itself: |
| |
| * Enter ''HELP REXX'' to get a basic feel of the language | * Enter ''HELP REXX'' to get a basic feel of the language |
| * Browse the ''KENDRA XEDIT Y'' to see a sample of the code. | * Browse the ''KENDRA XEDIT Y'' to see a sample of the code. |
| * Download the free [[http://rexxla.org/rexxlang/Rexx_Programmers_Reference.pdf|Rexx Programmers Reference]] for an extended tour of Rexx. | |
| |
| ==== EXEC and EXEC2 help ==== | ==== EXEC and EXEC2 help ==== |
| |
| As of this writing, two modern (to the 1980's) compilers are installed on the 4361: | As of this writing, two modern (to the 1980's) compilers are installed on the 4361: |
| |
| * C (''GCC'') | * C (''GCC'') NOTE, be sure to ''HELP GCC'' for details on increasing VM STORAGE |
| * VS FORTRAN Version 2 (''FORTVS2'') | * VS FORTRAN Version 2 (''FORTVS2'') |
| * PL/I Optimizing Compiler (''PLIOPT'') | * PL/I Optimizing Compiler (''PLIOPT'') |
| All the compilers run ''TEXT'' (object) files, which need to be combined with run-time libraries and saved as executable ''MODULE'' files. Various sample scripts will do this for simple programs: | All the compilers run ''TEXT'' (object) files, which need to be combined with run-time libraries and saved as executable ''MODULE'' files. Various sample scripts will do this for simple programs: |
| |
| * GENCOBOL | * ''GENCOBOL'' |
| * GENFORTG | * ''GENFORTG'' |
| * GENFORTH | * ''GENFORTH'' |
| * GENFORTV | * ''GENFORTV'' |
| * GENGCC | * ''GENGCC'' |
| * GENPLIF | * ''GENPLIF'' |
| * GENPLIOP | * ''GENPLIOP'' |
| |
| For a more detailed example of linking a program and running it, see [[vm_cms_fortran]] | For a more detailed example of linking a program and running it, see [[vm_cms_fortran]] |
| Rounding out the language processors are interpreters, which were primarily oriented towards educational environments: | Rounding out the language processors are interpreters, which were primarily oriented towards educational environments: |
| |
| * BASIC | * ''BASIC'' |
| * FORTH | * ''FORTH'' |
| * PL/C for CMS (''PLCT'') | * PL/C for CMS (''PLCT'') |
| * SNOBOL4 | * ''SNOBOL4'' |
| * WATFIV FORTRAN (''WATFIV'') | * WATFIV FORTRAN (''WATFIV'') |
| |
| |
| |
| ===== Links ===== | ===== For Further Reading ===== |
| | |
| | ==== Introduction ==== |
| | Most the links in section are PDF files, many cases scanned copies of the original IBM manuals loaded to the site [[http://bitsavers.org/]]. |
| | |
| | ==== Core VM/SP Specific Manuals ==== |
| | |
| | **Note:** Where VM/SP Release 5 manuals are not available, other releases are used as listed. For release 6, most differences are minor and/or obvious, for example the new for release 6 Shared File System was supported. Usually, an appendix in each newer manual lists the differences from release 5. |
| | |
| | ^ Title ^ <html> Retrieved </html> ^ Description / Comments ^ |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_3.0_Jul83/SC19-6210-2_CMS_Users_Guide_Release_3_Sep83.pdf|VM/SP CMS User's Guide Release 3]]|18-07-2018|CMS User Guide, **release 3**. \\ \\ **Note:** This describes how to use ''CMSBATCH'', which is _not_ covered in the Command Reference.| |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_5_Dec86/SC19-6209-4_VM_SP_CMS_Command_Reference_Release_5_Dec86.pdf|VM/SP CMS Command Reference Release 5]]|18-07-2018|The command reference for CMS commands. \\ \\ **Note:** Does not include ''CP'' commands; for that, see below.| |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_6_Jul88/SC19-6211-05_VM_SP_CP_General_User_Command_Reference_Release_6_Jul88.pdf|VM/SP CP General User Command Reference |
| | Release 6]]|18-07-2018|The command reference for CP commands, **release 6.** | |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_6_Jul88/SC24-5220-04_VM_SP_Rel_6_Editor_UG_Jul88.pdf|VM/SP System Product Editor User's Guide Release 6]]|18-07-2018|User guide for XEDIT, **release 6.** | |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_6_Jul88/SC24-5221-05_VM_SP_Rel_6_System%20Product%20Editor%20Command%20and%20Macro%20Ref_Aug88.pdf|VM/SP System Product Editor Command and Macro Reference Release 6]] |18-07-2018|Command Reference for XEDIT, **release 6.** | |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_6_Jul88/SC24-5239-03_VM_SP_Rel_6_Interpreter_Jul88.pdf|VM/SP System Product Interpreter User's Guide Release 6]]|18-07-2018|Rexx User Guide, **release 6.** | |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_6_Jul88/SC24-5239-03_VM_SP_Rel_6_Interpreter_Jul88.pdf|Vm/SP System Product Interpreter Reference Release 6]]|18-07-2018|Rexx Reference, **release 6.**| |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_5_Dec86/SC19-6209-4_VM_SP_CMS_Command_Reference_Release_5_Dec86.pdf|VM/SP EXEC2 Reference Release 5]]|18-07-2018|Reference for the older EXEC 2 language. | |
| | ^ [[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_1/SC19-6209-0_VM_SP_CMS_Command_and_Macro_Reference_Sep80.pdf|VM/SP CMS Command and Macro Reference]]|16-12-2018|Early version of the CMS Command Reference above, but also includes CMS Assembler Macros for programming. **release 1.**| |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_5_Dec86/SC24-5286-0_VM_SP_CMS_for_System_Programming_Release_5_Dec86.pdf|VM/SP CMS for Systems Programming Release 5]]|18-07-2018|A guide to CMS for heavy hitting IBM Assembler Programmers. \\ \\ It will bring out your inner CMS geek or send you screaming. (Or both.)| |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_5_Dec86/SC24-5288-0_VM_SP_System_Facilities_for_Programmers_Release_5_Dec86.pdf|VM/SP System Facilities for Programming Release]]|18-07-2018|Like the guide to CMS above, a guide to CP for heavy hitting IBM Assembler Programmers. \\ \\ It will bring out your inner CP geek or send you screaming. (Or both.)| |
| | |
| | ==== Other VM related documents ==== |
| |
| * Bitsavers VM/SP manual archive. <http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/> | ^ Title ^ <html> Retrieved </html> ^ Comments ^ |
| * DuCharme, Bob. 2001. VM/CMS. Fake Your Way Through Minis and Mainframes. <http://www.snee.com/bob/opsys/part5vmcms.pdf> Accessed 2018/1/21. | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/|Bitsavers VM/SP manual archive]] | 07-18-2018 | Index to All VM files collected by the archive. If looking for a particular manual and it's not found under [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_5_Dec86/|Release 5 Dec86]], look to the newer and older releases for a near match. | |
| * VM/CMS User Guide and Reference Manual. 1986. Corporate Computing Center. <http://chiclassiccomp.org/docs/content/computing/IBM/Mainframe/OS/VM/198605_VM%20CMS%20User%20Guide%20and%20Reference%20Manual.pdf> Accessed 2018/6/23. | ^ [[http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/call_360/CALL_360_BASIC_Reference_Handbook_1970.pdf|CALL/360: BASIC Reference Handbook]] | 12-14-2018 | | |
| * VS FORTRAN Version 2 Programming Guide for CMS and MVS. 1993. International Business Machines Corporation. <http://publibfp.boulder.ibm.com/epubs/pdf/afbu2002.pdf> Accessed 2018/7/11. | ^ [[http://publibfp.boulder.ibm.com/epubs/pdf/afbu2002.pdf|VS FORTRAN Version 2 Programming Guide for CMS and MVS]]|07-18-2018 | | |
| | ^ [[http://www.vm.ibm.com/devpages/HUGENBRU/BASICS.PDF|The Basics of Using z/VM]]|07-18-2018| Introduction referenced at the top of this guide. | |
| | ^ [[http://rexxla.org/rexxlang/Rexx_Programmers_Reference.pdf|Rexx Programmer's Reference]]|07-18-2018|Third partry Rexx reference from the [[http://rexxla.org/|The Rexx Language Association]]| |
| | ^ [[http://www.snee.com/bob/opsys/part5vmcms.pdf|VM/CMS. Fake Your Way Through Minis and Mainframes.]]| 07-18-2018 | Third party tutorial on CMS | |
| | ^ [[http://chiclassiccomp.org/docs/content/computing/IBM/Mainframe/OS/VM/198605_VM%20CMS%20User%20Guide%20and%20Reference%20Manual.pdf|VM/CMS User Guide and Reference Manual]] |07-18-2018 | Another (less useful) third party tutorial on CMS | |
| | ^ [[http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/VM_SP/Release_4_Dec84/GC20-1838-4_VM_SP_General_Information_Release_4_Jun84.pdf|VM/SP General Information Release 4]]|18-07-2018|General overview, not very useful in the LCML environment. For **Release 4**. | |
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